全译实践方法论体系建构

Constructing a Hierarchy of Practice Methodology of Complete Translation

全译方法通常指全译实践方法,为全译实践之本。全译行为采用直译与意译(或异化与归化)两种策略,执行对等、增减、移换、分合四种机制,选择对译、增译、减译、移译、换译、分译、合译七种方法,每种方法既可单独使用,也可组合使用,还可细化若干具体技巧。这些全译方法和技巧以丰富的全译事实为依据,既来源于实践,又指导实践,对它们所作的理性思考和系统认识构成全译实践方法论体系。该体系对全译的教学方法、学习方法、批评方法、管理方法和研究方法起到奠基立石和铺路建桥的作用,将助力挖掘全译事实、总结全译实践规律,进而推动全译理论体系的成熟和完善。

Methods of complete translation, usually referred to as practice methods of complete translation, are the basis of complete translation practice. Complete translation adopts two strategies, performs four mechanisms and selects seven methods, each of which can be used alone or altogether and realized by concrete skills. All these methods and skills are based on adequate facts of complete translation, summarized from translation practice and used in turn to guide translation practice. A hierarchy of practice methodology of complete translation, formulated from theoretical thinking and systemic understanding of methods and skills, serves as a cornerstone and bridge of methods of teaching, learning, evaluating, managing and researching complete translation and helps summarize facts and rules of complete translation so as to improve the construction of a theoretical system of complete translation.