花生抗青枯病种质资源的鉴定与筛选

Identification and evaluation of peanut germplasm resources resistant to bacterial wilt

以303份花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)品种为材料,采用剪叶法分别接种花生青枯菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)菌株HA4-1和PeaFJ1进行抗性鉴定.根据初次鉴定结果,剔除严重感病的191份花生品种,对剩余的112份花生品种进行了进一步的重复鉴定.在接种HA4-1的花生中有高抗品种1份,中抗品种5份,中感品种44份,感病品种62份,接种PeaFJ1的花生中有中抗品种3份,中感品种26份,感病品种83份.花生A165接种菌株HA4-1后表现出抗病反应,接种菌株PeaFJ1后表现出中抗反应,A282接种菌株HA4-1和PeaFJ1后均表现出中抗反应.通过进一步的表型观察和数据统计,筛选到高抗花生品种A165和高感花生品种A281,以及对HA4-1和PeaFJ1病害程度反应存在显著差异的花生品种A303和A189.本研究所获得的抗、感花生资源以及对不同菌株显示不同病程反应的材料有利于加快花生-青枯菌的互作分子机制研究,为花生抗青枯病育种工作提供理论支撑.

Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars were used as materials to identify bacterial wilt resistance by inoculating Ralstonia solanacearum strains HA4-1 and PeaFJ1 with leaf cutting method. According to the identification results of the first repetition, 191 peanut cultivars with severe disease were eliminated, the remaining 112 peanut cultivars was selected for further repeated identification. Among the peanuts inoculated with HA4-1, there were one resistant cultivars, 5 medium-resistant cultivars, 44 moderately susceptible cultivars, and 62 susceptible cultivars. In the peanuts inoculated with PeaFJ1, there were 3 medium-resistant cultivars, 26 medium-susceptible cultivars, and 83 susceptible cultivars. A165 showed resistant response after inoculation with strain HA4-1, and showed medium-resistant response after inoculation with strain PeaFJ1, A282 showed medium-resistant response after inoculation with strain HA4-1 and PeaFJ1. Through further phenotypic observation and data statistics, the high resistant peanut cultivar A165 and the high susceptible peanut cultivar A281, the peanut cultivars A303 and A189 with significant differences in response to HA4-1 and PeaFJ1 were obtained. These materials were beneficial to speed up the study of the molecular mechanism of peanut-R. solanacearum interaction, and provided theoretical support for peanut breeding for resistance to bacterial wilt.