耐力运动过程中肠道菌群与线粒体交互作用研究进展

Research Progress on the Interaction between Intestinal Flora and Mitochondria during Endurance Exercise

肠道菌群和线粒体交互作用的研究已进入国内外研究者的视线。线粒体在能量代谢、ROS产生及炎症调节中的作用决定了其在耐力运动中的核心地位,而肠道菌群在调节宿主能量代谢、氧化应激、炎症反应、肠道黏膜屏障等方面具有显著作用。肠道菌群及代谢产物如SCFAs、次级胆汁酸、H_(2)S、NO等可直接参与或间接通过PGC-1α、SIRT1和AMPK等转录共同激活因子和转录因子参与线粒体能量代谢、ROS产生和免疫炎症反应的调节;线粒体可通过调节肠道屏障功能和黏膜免疫反应,影响肠道菌群,且线粒体基因组的变异亦会影响肠道菌群组成。因此,研究耐力运动的极端生理环境下运动员肠道菌群与线粒体的交互作用及其机制,对于靶向作用于肠道菌群调控线粒体功能,管理耐力运动员竞技运动表现及健康具有重要意义。

Studies on the interaction between intestinal flora and mitochondria have attracted the attention of researchers. Mitochondria’s crucial role in energy production, ROS production and inflammation regulation determines its core position during endurance exercise;Intestinal flora plays a significant role in regulating energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, intestinal mucosal barrier et al. Intestinal flora and its metabolites, such as SCFAs, secondary bile acids, H_(2)S and NO, can directly or indirectly participate in the regulation of mitochondrial energy production, ROS production and immune inflammation through transcriptional co-activators and transcription factors such as PGC-1A, SIRT1 and AMPK;Mitochondria can affect intestinal flora by regulating intestinal barrier function and mucosal immune response, and the genetic variants of mitochondrial genome can also affect intestinal flora. Therefore, the study on endurance athlete’s interaction between intestinal flora and mitochondria is of positive significance for targeting intestinal flora to regulate mitochondrial function, and then to manage endurance athlete’s competitive sports performance and health.