煤矸石充填复垦区土壤重金属污染程度评价

Evaluation of the Heavy Mental Pollution Degree in the Soil of Coal Gangue Reclamation Area

煤矸石作为采煤排放的固体废弃物,常被用作充填物料填埋于采煤塌陷区或用于构筑堤坝路基。在天然雨水淋溶作用下,煤矸石会析出污染物质对土壤造成影响,因此以创大生态园为例,对复垦区山顶、山腰、山脚三块区域土壤进行布点采样,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)检测土样中重金属含量,并采用单因子指数法、内梅罗污染指数法和区域综合污染负荷指数法进行污染程度评价,探究煤矸石充填区土壤重金属污染程度及分布规律。结果表示:复垦区土壤主要重金属污染元素为Cd、Cu、Pb;复垦区山顶、山腰和山脚土壤重金属污染程度逐渐加重,山顶和山腰污染程度为尚清洁,处于警戒线水平,山脚污染程度为轻度污染。

As a solid waste from coal mining,coal gangue is often used as filling material to be buried in subsidence area or used to build embankment and subgrade.After the leaching by rain,coal gangue will precipitate pollutants and contaminate the soil.So taking the soil of Chuangda ecological park as example,collecting soil samples from the mountaintop,hillside and the foot of a hill of the reclaimed area,and detecting the heavy metals in the soil samples by ICP-MS.Then using single factor index,Nemerow index and comprehensive methods to divided the pollution degree and studing the distribution of heavy metals.The result of research shows that the main pollution elements of heavy metal are Cd,Cu and Pb in the reclamation area;the pollution degree of heavy metal in the reclamation area gradually increased from the top to the foot of the mountain,the pollution level is at the warning line and the pollution degree at the foot of the mountain is light pollution.