中国氢燃料电池技术发展及应用现状研究

Research on the Development and Application Status of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology in China

氢燃料电池能够将燃料的化学能直接转化为电能和热能,不需要热机过程,从根本上摆脱了卡诺循环限制。氢燃料电池反应产物仅为水,故因其节能环保和转换效率高引起了社会的广泛重视。本文首先对目前几种较为主流的氢燃料电池工作原理进行了介绍;随后详细综述了国内外氢燃料电池的发展现状及应用情况,通过对比分析得出了中国氢燃料电池产业的发展特点;最后提出了中国氢燃料电池产业存在和面临的主要问题,作为未来发展和后续研究的参考。

Hydrogen fuel cells can directly convert the chemical energy of fuel into electrical and thermal energy,without the need for a heat engine process,and fundamentally get rid of the limitations of the Carnot cycle.The reaction product of hydrogen fuel cells is only water,so it has attracted widespread attention in society due to its energy saving,environmental protection and high conversion efficiency.This paper firstly introduces the working principles of several mainstream hydrogen fuel cells;then summarizes the development status and application of hydrogen fuel cells at home and abroad in detail,and draws the development characteristics of my country’s hydrogen fuel cell industry through comparative analysis;finally the main problems existing and faced by my country’s hydrogen fuel cell industry are put forward as a reference for future development and follow-up research.