光伏电站用储能电池的发展现状及应用前景综述

OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND APPLICATION PROSPECT OF ENERGY STORAGE BATTERIES FOR PV POWER STATION

2021年“两会”上,碳达峰、碳中和被首次写入《政府工作报告》,新能源发电备受关注。以风电、光伏发电为主要形式的非化石能源将逐渐占据电力系统的主体地位,光伏电站用储能电池的发展和应用意义重大。为了更好地调峰填谷,解决光伏发电、风电并网影响电网稳定的问题,需要对各类储能电池的发展和应用进行梳理和研究,分析了中国光伏电站用储能电池的发展现状与趋势,对铅酸蓄电池、磷酸铁锂电池、镍氢电池、全钒液流电池、钠硫电池、超级电容器等不同光伏电站用储能电池的工作原理和应用场景、典型项目、性能进行了介绍和对比,并对未来光伏电站用储能电池在中国的发展进行了展望。

At the“two sessions”in 2021,emission peak and carbon neutrality were included in the Report on the Work of the Government for the first time,and new energy power generation attracts much attention.Nonfossil energy mainly in the form of wind power and PV power generation will gradually occupy the dominant position in the power system.The development and application of energy storage batteries for PV power stations are of great significance.In order to better regulate the peak and fill the valley,and solve the problem that the grid stability is affected by the grid connection of PV power generation and wind power,it is necessary to sort out and study the development and application of various energy storage batteries.This paper analyzes the development status and trend of energy storage batteries for PV power stations in China,and the working principles and application places,typical projects and performances of different energy storage batteries for PV power station,such as lead-acid batteries,lithium iron phosphate batteries,Ni-MH batteries,vanadium flow batteries,sodium-sulfur batteries,and supercapacitors are introduced and compared.The future development of energy storage batteries for PV power station in China is also prospected.