中性粒细胞在脓毒症中的作用及研究进展

Research progress of neutrophils in sepsis

感染引发的脓毒症目前仍然是重症监护病房患者死亡的主要原因之一。除了抗感染治疗和对症支持疗法,目前仍缺乏特异性治疗手段。中性粒细胞是宿主防御病原体的效应阶段的主要参与者,在正常情况下对感染的控制起着至关重要的作用。在脓毒症发病过程中,中性粒细胞发挥双重作用。除了抗感染作用外,中性粒细胞的失调和过度活化可能导致严重炎症或组织损伤,是脓毒症不良预后的潜在机制。本文综述了中性粒细胞在脓毒症各病理过程中的功能状态的研究进展,以期探讨中性粒细胞参与脓毒症各病理过程的机制,为今后以中性粒细胞为靶点进行脓毒症的治疗提供线索。

Sepsis is the major cause of death in intensive care unit patients,but specific therapeutic interventions targeting its pathogenesis are still lacking. Neutrophils are major players in the effective phase of host defense against microorganisms and play a crucial role in the control of infection under normal conditions. In sepsis,neutrophils play dual roles. In addition to their antimicrobial effects,dysregulation or over-activation of neutrophils may lead to severe inflammation or tissue damage and are potential mechanisms for poor prognosis for septic patients. The present manuscript is mainly focused on the progress of neutrophils’ functional status in each pathological process of sepsis,with a view to explore the mechanisms of neutrophils’ involvement in each pathological process of sepsis,thus providing clues for targeting neutrophils in the treatment of sepsis.