页岩油体积压裂原位生成支撑剂材料研究进展

Research progress of in-situ proppant materials forshale oil volume fracturing

页岩油水平井体积压裂形成的复杂裂缝系统,需要有效支撑才能最大化发挥体积改造的作用,但因现有的支撑剂密度高、粒径大,很难运移到主缝远端和微缝内部。为了实现体积压裂全尺度裂缝的支撑,研究者们提出通过压裂液与岩矿原位反应生成支撑剂的技术思路,实现压裂液到哪里、支撑剂就到哪里的目的。本文综述了两类在地层温度、压力条件下原位生成支撑剂方法的最新进展:一类是利用地层高温高压水热合成无机矿物颗粒支撑剂,另一类是形成对温度压力敏感的高分子聚合物颗粒支撑剂。在介绍原位支撑剂颗粒生成的方法和原理基础上,将其性能与传统支撑剂进行比较,并且探讨了原位生成支撑剂的应用前景。新型压裂液地层条件下原位生成固体支撑剂可能对整个油气工业,乃至能源领域带来一场全新的变革。希望可以引起研究者们更广泛的关注。

The complex fracture system formed by the volumetric fracturing of horizontal shale oil wells requires effective support to maximize the effect of volumetric fracturing.However,due to the high density and large particle size of the existing proppants,they are difficult to migrate to the distal end of the main fractures and the interior of the micro-fractures.In order to achieve the support of full-scale fractures in volumetric fracturing,researchers propose the technical idea of generating proppants through in-situ reaction of fracturing fluid and the rock,so that the proppants can go wherever the fracturing fluid goes.In this paper,two kinds of in-situ proppants generation methods under the stratum temperature and pressure are reviewed.One is the synthesis of inorganic mineral particle proppants by hydrothermal method,and the other is the formation of polymer particle proppants sensitive to temperature and pressure.Following the introduction of the methods and principles of in-situ proppant particle generation,the performance of in-situ proppants is compared with that of traditional proppants,and the application prospects of in-situ proppants generation is discussed.Using new fracturing fluid to form in situ proppants under stratum conditions may bring a new change to the whole oil and gas industry and even the energy field.It is hoped that the research towards in-situ proppants formation can attract more attention from researchers.