10岁及以前体罚经历对医学生健康危险行为的影响

Effect of corporal punishment experienced at the age of ten and before on health risk behaviors in medical students

目的了解医学生10岁及以前的体罚经历,探讨其对健康危险行为的影响,为减少和避免医学生健康危险行为的发生提供有效依据。方法采用方便抽样法于2019年4月对哈尔滨医科大学临床及其相关专业大一和大二的1264例学生进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括:一般信息调查、亲子冲突解决策略量表(CTSPC)和健康相关危险行为量表(AHRBI)。结果10岁及以前遭受过体罚的医学生比例为60.4%,遭受轻度体罚的医学生比例为19.5%,遭受过严厉体罚的比例为40.9%;医学生在健康妥协、暴力攻击、自杀自残、吸烟饮酒、破坏纪律和无保护性行为6个维度的检出率分别为50.6%、36.9%、7.7%、10.8%、26.5%和1.3%,均明显高于未经历过体罚的医学生,且随体罚的严重程度增大而增加(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,体罚对医学生健康妥协行为有影响(OR=1.199),是否独生子女和体罚对医学生暴力攻击行为有影响(OR=1.387、1.330),母亲文化程度和体罚对医学生自杀自残行为有影响(OR=1.486、2.111),体罚对医学生吸烟饮酒行为有影响(OR=1.710),年级和体罚对医学生破坏纪律行为有影响(OR=0.691、1.388),年龄和体罚对医学生无保护性行为有影响(OR=1.889、2.870)。结论体罚经历增加了医学生成年期的健康危险行为。

Objective To investigate the experience of corporal punishment at the age of ten and before in medical students,and to explore its influence on health risk behaviors,so as to provide the effective evidence for reducing and avoiding health risk behaviors among medical students.Methods In April 2019,the convenient sampling method was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey among 1264 freshmen and sophomores of clinical and related majors in a medical college.The questionnaire included the general information survey,Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale(CTSPC)and Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory(AHRBI).Results The proportion of medical students who had suffered the corporal punishment,mild corporal punishment and severe corporal punishment at the age of ten and before was 60.4%,19.5% and 40.9%,respectively.The detection rates in the six dimensions of health compromise,violent assault,suicide and self-harm,smoking and drinking,discipline destruction and unprotected sex were 50.6%,36.9%,7.7%,10.8%,26.5% and 1.3% respectively among medical students,which were significantly higher than those of the medical students who had not experienced corporal punishment(P<0.05).These rates increased with the severity of corporal punishment(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the corporal punishment had an effect on the health compromise behaviors of medical students(OR=1.199).Whether the only child and corporal punishment had influence on the violent aggression of medical students(OR=1.387,1.330).The mother’s education level and corporal punishment had influence on the suicide and self-harm behavior of medical students(OR=1.486,2.111).The corporal punishment had influence on the smoking and drinking behaviors of medical students(OR=1.710).The grade and corporal punishment had influence on the disciplinary behavior of medical students(OR=0.691,1.388).The age and corporal punishment had influence on the unprotected behaviors of medical students(OR=1.889,2.870).Conclusion The experience of corporal punishment increase the health risk behaviors in adulthood.