某小学4-6年级学生不良饮食行为调查分析

Investigation and analysis of unhealthy eating behavior of students from grade 4 to grade 6 in a primary school

目的了解某小学4-6年级小学生不良饮食行为现状,为开展健康行为干预提供依据。方法以四平市某小学4-6年级全体在校生为总体,采用分层整群抽样方法,随机选取调查对象进行问卷调查,利用SPSS 20.0软件统计分析。结果300名4-6年级小学生不良饮食行为流行率依次为喝生水70.3%,吃零食34.7%,吃甜点21.0%,每天不足三餐18.7%,吃多油食物14.0%,喝碳酸饮料14.0%,睡前吃东西11.3%,吃街边小吃9.3%。不同年级小学生经常喝碳酸饮料和喝生水比例差异均有统计学意义;男生吃街边小吃比例高于女生;女生经常吃甜点比例高于男生;年龄高的学生睡前吃东西比例高于年龄低的;高文化水平父母的学生每天不足三餐的比例高于低文化水平父母的学生(均P<0.05)。结论该校4-6年级小学生存在较多较高比例的不健康饮食行为,建议学校、家长和社会共同采取干预措施。

Objective To understand the current situation of unhealthy eating behavior of primary school students from grade 4 to grade 6 in a primary school,and to provide basis for health behavior intervention.Methods Taking all the students from grade 4 to grade 6 of a primary school in Siping City as the whole,using the method of stratified cluster sampling,randomly selecting the respondents for questionnaire survey,and using SPSS 20.0 software for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence rates of unhealthy eating behaviors of 300 primary school students in grades 4 to 6 were 70.3%drinking raw water,34.7%eating snacks,21.0%eating desserts,18.7%eating less than three meals a day,14.0%eating oily food,14.0%drinking carbonated drinks,11.3%eating before going to bed and 9.3%eating street snacks.There were significant differences in the proportion of pupils in different grades who often drank carbonated drinks and raw water;The proportion of boys eating street snacks is higher than that of girls;Girls often eat dessert more than boys;The proportion of students with high age eating before going to bed is higher than that of students with low age;The proportion of students with high educational level parents who have less than three meals a day is higher than that of students with low educational level parents(all P<0.05).Conclusion There are a high proportion of unhealthy eating behaviors among pupils in grades 4 to 6 in the school.It is suggested that schools,parents and society should take joint intervention measures.