基层“减负难”背景下“林长制”实践困境及原因探析

The Practical Dilemma and Reasons of the Forest Chief Scheme in the Context of the ′Difficulty in Reducing the Burden′ at the Grassroots Level

“林长制”作为加强森林保护的创新管理制度,在协调解决森林资源保护方面发挥了作用,但在基层减负实践中仍有较多问题亟待解决。通过实地走访,发现其作为一项依靠上级层层推动的政策,在基层推广和践行过程中,存在着传统科层困境、监管错位与基层策略性执行以及资源的多样化与社会参与的缺乏等问题。在基层“减负难”的背景下,优化与变革制度结构、建立健全法律法规、提供专项保障资金、加强信息公开和鼓励公众参与方能推动“林长制”的长效发展、从而实现“林长治”的目标。

The forest chief scheme is an innovative system to strengthen forest protection and management.Forest chief system plays an important role in solving forest protection,but there are some problems need to solve in reduction of the burden at the grassroots level.Based on the field visit,it was found that,the forest chief scheme as a policy that relied on promotion of higher levels,there were problems on the dilemma of bureaucratic administration,misplaced supervision and strategic implementation at the grassroots level,as well as the diversity of resources and the lack of community participation in its implementation.In order to the promote long-term development of the forest chief scheme and achieve the goal of ′long term forest management′,this paper put forward some suggestions:changing and optimizing the formal system,improving the laws and regulations,protecting financial fund,and encouraging public participation in the context of the ′difficulty in reducing the burden′ at the grassroots level.