清季锡良督滇与边疆治理研究

A Study on the Administration of JI Xiliang in Yunnan and Border Areas in the Qing Dynasty

锡良(1853-1917),字清弼,蒙古镶蓝旗人,系清季旗籍重臣。他一生官宦多地,历任河道总督、热河都统、四川总督、云贵总督等要职。光绪三十三年(1907年)初,锡良由四川总督调任云贵总督,为滇省最高军政长官。云南地处边疆地区,受自然环境、交通等因素的掣肘,其发展与内地省份相比较为滞后。自锡良督滇以来,他力图改变云南落后的局面,极力全面推行新政。其于滇省开展的多项新政措施中,在筹办赈务、革新政治、编练新军、兴办教育四个方面最具成效。通过锡良在云南的改革,加强了边疆民族地区的治理与稳定,推动了云南近代社会的发展。

Xiliang (1853-1917),also known as Qingbi,was born in Xianglan Qi,Mongolia,and was an important official of Ji Qi in the Qing Dynasty.He was an official in many places throughout his life.He served successively as the governor of Hedao,the governor of Rehe,the governor of Sichuan,the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou.At the beginning of the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907),Xiliang was transferred from the governor of Sichuan to the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou,and was the highest military and political officer of Yunnan Province.Yunnan is located in the border area,constrained by natural environment,traffic and other factors,and its development lags behind that of the inland provinces.Since Xiliang governed Yunnan,he tried hard to change the backward situation of Yunnan and tried his best to fully implement the new policy.Among the many new policy measures carried out in Yunnan Province,the most effective ones were in four aspects:assisting in relief work,innovating politics,compiling and training new troops,and launching education.The reform of Xiliang in Yunnan strengthened the governance and stability of the border ethnic areas and promoted the development of modern society in Yunnan.