“双减”背景下学生学习焦虑的生成与纾解

The Generation and Relief of the Students’Learning Anxiety Under the“Double Reduction”Policy

“双减”政策的颁布,反映了国家对义务教育阶段学生的深切关怀,也标志着我国“减负”历程进入新的阶段。“双减”政策实施后,学生的课业负担与校外培训负担得到有效缓解,然而,在多种因素共同作用之下,中小学生的学习焦虑水平仍旧处于高位,成为困扰学生的一大心理障碍。文章从弗洛伊德的精神分析法视角出发,研究学生学习焦虑的概念并将学习焦虑症分为学习泛虑症、学习恐惧症和学习强迫症,分别论述其主要表现。最后从四个维度出发,提出缓解学生学习焦虑的可行路径:行政管理者应认清“双减”战略意图,树立大局意识;教师应加强自身专业发展,满足学生“异学习”需求;家长应提高家庭教育水平,充分支持孩子的自主成长;学生应树立正确自我认知,掌握学习焦虑的干预方法。

The introduction of the“Double Reduction”policy reflects the country’s deep concern for students in the compulsory education stage and marks that China’s“burden reduction”process has entered a new stage.After the implementation of the“Double Reduction”policy,students’academic burden and off-campus training burden have been effectively alleviated.However,under the combined influence of many factors,the level of learning anxiety among primary and secondary school students is still at a high level,becoming a kind of psychological disorder that plagues students.From the perspective of Freud’s psychoanalysis,the article explores the concept of students’learning anxiety and divides it into three forms.Finally,we can propose feasible ways to relieve students’learning anxiety from four dimensions:to recognize the strategic intention of“double reduction”and establish a sense of the overall situation;to strengthen the professional development of teachers to meet the differentiation of demanding students;to improve the level of family education and fully support children’s independent growth;to establish correct self-awareness and mastery of intervention methods for learning anxiety.