北京地区老年人群血浆维生素A,D和E水平检测结果分析

Analysis of Plasma Vitamin A,D and E Levels in Beijing Elderly Population

目的对北京地区60岁以上老年人群血浆维生素A,D和E水平检测结果进行分析,了解性别、年龄和季节对维生素水平的影响。方法回顾分析2020年12月~2021年11月在北京航天总医院就诊的2043例60岁以上老人的血浆维生素A,D和E水平,按照性别、年龄和季节进行分组分析。结果2043例老年人群血浆维生素A,D和E水平分别为438.20(328.40,563.00)ng/ml,13.70(9.70,19.55)ng/ml和8311.40(6430.50,10602.70)ng/ml,缺乏/不足率分别为19.43%,92.61%和10.13%。不同性别的维生素A和E水平及缺乏/不足率比较差异均无统计学意义(Z=-1.37,-0.27;χ^(2)=0.49,4.33,均P>0.05),女性维生素D水平低于男性,缺乏率高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(Z=-6.72,χ^(2)=4.38,均P<0.05)。不同年龄组间的维生素A,D水平及维生素A,D,E的缺乏/不足率比较差异均有统计学意义(H=40.82,18.21;χ^(2)=35.20,20.08,23.39,均P<0.05),70岁以上老人维生素A和D水平随着年龄增长呈下降趋势,缺乏/不足率明显升高。不同季节的维生素A,D和E水平及缺乏/不足率比较差异具有统计学意义(H=75.50~225.87,χ^(2)=21.41~70.94,均P<0.05)。秋季维生素A水平最低,缺乏率最高。春季维生素E水平最低,冬季缺乏率最高。冬季维生素D水平最低,缺乏率最高。结论北京地区老年人群血浆维生素A,D和E的缺乏/不足较普遍,尤其是维生素D,并且维生素水平与性别、年龄和季节有关。提倡老年人合理补充维生素,以满足机体需要。

Objective To investigate the effects of age,sex and season on the levels of vitamin A,D and E in plasma of the elderly population over 60 years old in Beijing.Methods Plasma levels of vitamin A,D and E in 2043 patients over 60 years old who were admitted to Beijing Aerospace General Hospital from December 2020 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and grouped according to age,sex and season.Results The plasma levels of vitamin A,D and E in 2043 elderly population were 438.20(328.40,563.00)ng/ml,13.70(9.70,19.55)μg/ml and 8311.40(6430.50,10602.70)ng/ml.The deficiency rates were 19.43%,92.61%and 10.13%,respectively.There were no significant differences in vitamin A and E levels and deficiency rate among different genders(Z=-1.37,-0.27;χ^(2)=0.49,4.33,all P>0.05).The vitamin D level of female was lower than that of male and the deficiency rate was higher than that of male with statistical significance(Z=-6.72,χ^(2)=4.38,all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in vitamin A and D levels and deficiency rates of vitamin A,D and E among different age groups(H=40.82,18.21;χ^(2)=35.20,20.08,23.39,all P<0.05).Vitamin A and D levels of people over 70 years old showed a decreasing trend with the increase of age and the deficiency rate increased significantly.There were statistically significant differences in vitamin A,D and E levels and deficiency rate in different seasons(H=75.50~225.87,χ^(2)=21.41~70.94,all P<0.05).The lowest vitamin A level and the highest deficiency rate were found in autumn.The vitamin E levels were the lowest in spring and deficiency rates were highest in winter.Vitamin D levels were lowest in winter and deficiency rates were highest.Conclusion The deficiency of plasma vitamin A,D and E was common among the elderly in Beijing Area,especially vitamin D.Vitamin levels were related to gender,age and season.The elderly should be encouraged to supplement vitamins reasonably to meet the needs of the body.