基于语料库的文体学研究——以《 傲慢与偏见》 中道歉话语的局部语法为例

Corpus-based Stylistic Study:A Case Study of the Local Grammar of Apology in Pride and Prejudice

传统文学研究多采用质性分析方法,这种内省式的文学研究或多或少地具有主观性。基于数据统计的语料库方法在一定程度上可以解决这一问题。基于语料库的文体学既符合语言研究框架,又为解释文本的个体性质留出空间。基于语料库的局部语法研究范式聚焦语言意义和功能,全面描写并探索语言的词汇语法实现形式。本文通过局部语法研究进路,以《傲慢与偏见》中的道歉话语为例,呈现语料库文体学如何从文本中挖掘数据并描写虚构人物的创作特征。经过检索和清理,本文共提取并整理出6组11类道歉话语局部语法型式,这些型式在表现出不同人物的不同性格特点、受教育程度、语用习惯和权力地位的同时,使人物形象及人物之间的关系更加清晰生动。本研究使用基于语料库语言学的局部语法进路,为简·奥斯丁擅长人物语言精细描写添加了语言实据,为文体学研究增添了基于数据挖掘的研究新视角。

Traditional stylistic research adopts qualitative analysis,which is more or less subjective.The quantitative corpus-based method reduces the subjectivity to some extent.Corpus-based stylistics not only conforms to the framework of language research but also leaves room for the interpretation of the individuality of the literature.Corpus-based local grammar paradigm comprehensively describes and ex-plores the lexical grammar realization of language meaning and function.This paper takes Pride and Prejudice as an example to show how corpus stylistics could mine data from texts and describe the creation characteristics of the fictional characters.After manual retrieval and cleaning,this paper extracted 6 groups and 11 types of local grammatical patterns of apology in the discourse.These patterns show the dif-ferent characters’personalities,educational backgrounds,conversational habits,and social statuses.This interdisciplinary approach makes the characters’images clear and vivid.Through data mining,this corpus-based literary study adds evidence to Jane Austen’s skilled com-mand of the characters’language.It also adds a new perspective and research evidence to literature research based on corpus linguistics.