水稻高温热害指数研究——以肇庆市为例

Study on Heat Damage Index of Rice at High Temperature——Take Zhaoqing Cify as an Example

通过对肇庆市高要、广宁、封开3个农业气象观测站的2011年-2020年温度、早晚稻生长发育及产量资料整理分析,研究早稻在不同生长期产量受高温胁迫的影响情况。运用SPSS软件对不同生长期不同等级的水稻高温热害积温ST与产量进行各种回归分析,建立产量模型并进行对比验证。结果表明:早稻和晚稻均在孕穗抽穗期对高温天气最敏感,ST越高,产量越低,且早稻受其影响更明显,其他生长期ST与最终产量均不存在明显关联性;进而推算出各地早晚稻遭受高温热害的风险等级,进行基于GIS的肇庆地区水稻高温热害风险区划,为水稻保质高量生产做好气象保障服务。

The effects of high temperature stress on early rice yield in different growing stages are studied by analyzing temperature,growth and yield data of early and late rice at Gaoyao, Guangning and Fengkai agricultural meteorological stations from 2011 to2020. Using SPSS software, various regression analysis is conducted on the accumulation temperature ST of high temperature heat injury and yield of rice in different growth stages and grades, and the yield model was established and compared and verified. The results showed that both early and late rice are most sensitive to high temperature weather at booting and heading stage. The higher ST,the lower the yield, and the effect is more obvious for early rice. There is no significant correlation between ST and final yield in other growing stages. The risk level of high temperature and heat damage of early and late rice is calculated, and the risk zoning of high temperature and heat damage of rice in Zhaoqing region is carried out based on GIS, so as to provide meteorological guarantee service for high quality and high quantity rice production.