美国对他国金融制裁的基础、路径以及对中国的启示

The Basis and Path of the U.S.Financial Sanctions Against Other Countries and the Enlightenment to China

近几年,美国政府凭借其霸权地位频繁对其他国家实施金融制裁来维护自身利益。伴随着中国经济的持续高质量发展,美国采取各种手段加快对中国发展的遏制。金融制裁因为具有成本小、影响大、效果明显等特点成为美国制裁中国最可能的手段。俄乌冲突以来,美国已经在经贸、金融领域对中国进行连续施压,可以预见未来中美两国博弈强度将会不断加大,竞争是两国关系的主轴。面对制裁挑战,我国应该采取前瞻性措施做好制裁风险应对预案。基于此,文章梳理了美国进行金融制裁的基础,结合美国历史上对其他国家特别是俄罗斯的制裁实践来推演未来美国对中国进行金融制裁的可能路径,并提出应对美国金融制裁的对策方案。

In recent years,the U.S.government has frequently imposed financial sanctions on other countries by virtue of its hegemony to safeguard its own interests.With the sustained and high-quality development of China’s economy,the United States has taken various means to speed up the containment of China’s development.Financial sanctions have become the most likely means for the United States to sanction China because of their low cost,great power and obvious effect.Since the conflict between Russia and Ukraine,the United States has put continuous pressure on China in the fields of economy,trade and finance.It can be predicted that the intensity of the game between China and the United States will continue to increase in the future,and competition is the main axis of the relationship between the two countries.Facing the challenge of sanctions,China should take forward-looking measures to prepare for possible sanctions.Based on this,this paper combs the basis of financial sanctions imposed by the United States,deduces the possible path of financial sanctions imposed by the United States on China in the future,and puts forward countermeasures to deal with financial sanctions imposed by the United States,combined with the sanctions practice against other countries in the history of the United States,especially Russia.