诱导轮非对称空化流动数值计算和试验研究

Numerical Simulation and Experiment for Inducer Nonsymmetrical Cavitation Flow

诱导轮是液体火箭发动机涡轮泵的重要组成部件。诱导轮在工作过程中经常伴随不同程度和模式的空化,由空化引起的流动脉动和机械振动对涡轮泵的工作特性和可靠性影响较大。非对称空化是存在于涡轮泵扬程下降过程中的一种复杂流动现象。利用可视化试验系统和数值仿真计算对某低温介质涡轮泵扬程下降过程中的诱导轮非对称空化流动特性进行了研究。对比分析试验观测和数值计算结果发现,诱导轮中非对称空化是导致涡轮泵扬程下降的一种激发因素。利用可视化试验系统和数值计算对由非对称空化引起的流动不稳定性及其对应关系进行了系统的研究。

The inducer is an important component for liquid rocket engine turbopump.The inducer is often accompanied by cavitation of different degress and modes during operation.The turbopump characteristic and reliability is influenced seriously by flow impulse and mechanical vibration caused by cavitation.Nonsymmetrical cavitation is a type of complicated flow phenomenon which exists in turbopump head decreasing.The characteristics of nonsymmetrical cavitation flow in inducer during head descent of cryogenic medium turbopump has been studied by means of visualization test system and numerical simulation.By comparing the experimental observation and numerical calculation results,it is found that nonsymmetrical cavitation of the inducer is the excitation factor leading to the drop of turbopump head.Meanwhile,the relationship between nonsymmetrical cavitation and flow instability has been studied systematically by employing test observation and numerical calculation.