适应性黏稠度营养补充辅助治疗对喉癌术后放疗后吞咽障碍患者营养状态的影响

Effects of adaptive viscosity nutritional supplement adjuvant therapy on nutritional status of patients with dysphagia after postoperative radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer

目的:研究喉癌术后放疗后吞咽障碍患者采用适应性黏稠度营养补充对其吞咽功能、营养状况及误吸风险的影响。方法:选取本院我科2020年7月至2021年12月期间95例喉癌术后放疗后吞咽障碍患者采用随机数字表法分组,对照组47例给予吞咽功能训练和常规饮食健康指导,观察组48例在对照组基础上联合适应性黏稠度的口服营养补充,3 m后对比两组患者营养状况、误吸风险、吞咽功能。结果:观察组干预后,呛咳、误吸、吸入性肺炎发生频率均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预后,经口摄食功能评分、吞咽功能分级高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预后,血清总蛋白、血红蛋白、清蛋白、体质指数水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:适应性黏稠度营养补充对喉癌术后放疗后吞咽障碍患者效果显著,能够有效提高患者吞咽功能,降低误吸风险,改善营养状态,具有临床推广价值。

Objective:To study the effect of adaptive viscosity nutritional supplementation on swallowing function,nutritional status and risk of aspiration in patients with dysphagia after postoperative radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer.Methods:A total of 95 patients with dysphagia after postoperative radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer in our department from July 2020 to December 2021 were selected and grouped by random number table method.47 patients in the control group were given swallowing function training and regular dietary health guidance,and 48 patients in the observation group were combined with oral nutrition supplement with adaptive viscosity on the basis of the control group.Nutritional status,aspiration risk and swallowing function of patients in the two groups were compared 3 months later.Results:After intervention,the frequency of choking cough,aspiration and aspiration pneumonia in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);after the intervention in the observation group,the oral feeding function score and the grade of swallowing function were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);after intervention,the levels of serum total protein,hemoglobin,albumin and body mass index in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Adaptive viscosity nutritional supplementation has a significant effect on patients with dysphagia after postoperative radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer.It can effectively improve patients'swallowing function,reduce the risk of aspiration,and improve nutritional status,which has clinical value.