血管外膜旁/自分泌的生物活性多肽及其在血管损伤性疾病中的作用

Paracrine/autocrine bioactive polypeptides from vascular adventitia and roles of these peptides in vascular injury diseases

血管外膜属疏松结缔组织,其组织学构成主要包括外弹力层、滋养血管、神经末梢及周围疏松结缔组织,成纤维细胞是其主要的细胞成分。既往认为血管外膜仅发挥滋养血管、维持血管张力与结构稳态的功能。近年的研究发现血管外膜旁/自分泌多种生物活性多肽,这些生物活性多肽在血管稳态维持和损伤性疾病如动脉粥样硬化、腹主动脉瘤、高血压、肺动脉高压、血管钙化、血管成形术后再狭窄中发挥至关重要的作用。关注并加强对血管外膜旁/自分泌的生物活性多肽的生物学效应以及在血管稳态维持和损伤性疾病中作用的研究,对于血管稳态的维持和血管损伤性疾病发病机制的认识具有重要意义。

The vascular adventitia is layered with loose connective tissue, which includes external elastic lamina, vasa vasorum, and nerve ending. Fibroblasts are the main cellular components of the adventitia. In the previous studies, the vascular adventitia is considered to only play roles in nourishing blood vessels and maintaining the tension and structure of blood vessels. Recent studies have found that vascular adventitia secretes a variety of bioactive polypeptides as an autocrine/paracrine manner. These bioactive polypeptides play a vital role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis and vascular injury diseases such as atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, vascular calcification and restenosis after angioplasty. Paying attention to and strengthening the research on the biological effects of paracrine/autocrine bioactive polypeptides from vascular adventitia and their roles in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis and injury diseases has important significance for the maintenance of vascular homeostasis and the understanding of the pathogenesis of vascular injury diseases.