论马克思对“治理的贫困”的批判与超越

A Study of Marx’s Criticism and Transcendence of “Poverty of Governance”

在社会主义与资本主义制度共存竞争的时代条件下,如何超越资本主义治理之困是中国式现代化的题中之义,马克思对资本主义“治理的贫困”的批判与超越为此提供了探索方向。自《莱茵报》时期开始,马克思从理性批判视角揭示了“治理的贫困”在资本主义国家治理结构中的矛盾状况,从法哲学批判视角剖析了其发生机制,从政治经济学批判视角澄明了其负载于资本逻辑之上的制度性根源;在此基础上,马克思提出了破解“治理的贫困”的根本途径,并由此实现了对资本逻辑下“治理的贫困”的超越。马克思对“治理的贫困”的批判与超越,为正确认识资本主义治理的本质与局限性、探求中国式现代化治理道路提供了重要的价值基础和理论指引。

Under the conditions of the coexistence and competition of the socialist system and capitalist system,how to transcend the capitalist governance dilemma is an important topic of Chinese-style modern governance.Marx’s criticism and transcendence of capitalism’s“poverty of governance”provides a direction for exploration.Starting from the period of“Rheinische Zeitung”,Marx set out to reveal the contradiction of“poverty of governance”in the national governance structure from the perspective of rational criticism.He analyzed its occurrence mechanism from the critical perspective of legal philosophy,and clarified its institutional roots built on the capital logic from the critical perspective of political economy.On this basis,Marx put forward the fundamental way to eliminate the governance dilemma and achieved the transcendence.Marx’s governance thought provides an important value foundation and theoretical guidance for correctly understanding the essence and limitations of capitalist governance and exploring Chinese-style modern governance paths for the new era.