基于解耦算法的三容水箱液位控制仿真研究

Simulation research of three tank liquid level control based on decoupling algorithm

工程控制系统工况日渐复杂,用于解决单输入单输出问题的方法对于解决多输入多输出系统的问题具有很大的局限性,如传统的PID控制在控制MIMO系统时存在滞后现象,导致控制过程中会有很长的调节时间以及明显的超调量,系统的稳定性不容易得到保证,最终影响预期效果。文中以德国公司AMIRA设计的DTS200三容水箱系统作为研究对象,通过分析DTS200三容水箱的结构和原理构建了DTS200三容水箱MIMO系统模型,通过在Simulink平台对三容水箱系统进行建模。利用非线性解耦原理设计了解耦控制器,之后在其基础上进行PID设计来调节水箱的控制系统,最后通过输入不同的目标液位对该系统进行测试,结果证明解耦算法能够有效解决水箱系统输入输出的耦合性,使得PID能够很好地控制水箱的目标液位,改善了传统PID控制面对MIMO系统由于存在耦合而导致控制效果不佳的问题。

The working conditions of engineering control system are becoming complex increasingly. The methods used to solve single-input single-output problems have great limitations for multiple-input multiple-output systems. For example,the traditional PID control has hysteresis in the control of MIMO systems,which results in long adjustment time and obvious overshoot in the process of control,and the stability of the system is difficult to ensure,which ultimately affects the expected effects. The DTS200 three tank system designed by AMIRA,a German company,is taken as the research object. The MIMO system model of DTS200 three tank is constructed by analyzing the structure and principle of the DTS200 three tank,and then the three tank system is modeled by the platform Simulink. The decoupling controller is designed by the nonlinear decoupling principle,and then the PID is designed on the basis of the decoupling controller to regulate the control system of the tank. The three tank system is tested by inputting different target liquid levels. The results show that the decoupling algorithm can effectively solve the coupling problem of input and output of the water tank system,which makes PID control the target liquid level of the water tank well,and eliminates the poor control effect(caused by coupling)of the traditional PID control law in MIMO system.