民族自治区域的语言景观研究——以“延吉大学城”为例

Study of Linguistic Landscape in Ethnic Autonomous Region:A Case Study of “Yanji University City”

在中国,有保障少数民族发展和使用本民族语言文字的权利和自由,因此,民族自治区域往往存在少数民族语言文字与国家通用语言文字共用的多语现象,该现象可通过语言景观进行考察。在延边朝鲜族自治州的延吉市,由74块广告牌构成的“延吉大学城”语言景观多语现象显著,超过87%的广告牌为双语或三语广告牌,汉语和朝鲜语为主要语码,且朝鲜语占据优势语码地位。该语言景观反映了延吉市的多语生态,景观内容与形式符合国家及自治州的语言政策要求;同时,也反映出朝鲜语在当地处于优势地位、朝鲜族人群的语言权利受到重视和保障的社会现实。

Since the rights and freedom of ethnic groups to develop and use their own languages are guaranteed in China, multilingualism always exists in ethnic autonomous regions, where the languages of ethnic groups are mixed with the common national language. The multilingualism in ethnic autonomous regions can be examined through linguistic landscape. Consisting of 74 billboards, the multilingualism of the linguistic landscape of “Yanji University City” is remarkable. More than 87% of the billboards are bilingual or trilingual, with Chinese and Korean as the main language codes and Korean as the dominant. The linguistic landscape reflects the multilingual ecology of Yanji, and it is in line with the language policy of China and the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. The multilingual landscape also demonstrates the social reality that Korean is the dominant language in the region and the language rights of Korean ethnic group are valued and guaranteed.