茶皂素在水酶法提取油茶籽游离油过程中的分布及其对油脂品质的影响

Distribution of tea saponin during aqueous enzymatic extraction of camellia seed free oil and its effect on oil

采用水酶法从油茶籽中提取油脂,分别收集游离油、乳状液、水解液、残渣,研究不同提取时间对各相中茶皂素含量的影响;采用超声辅助醇提法提取油茶籽中的茶皂素,对比茶皂素提取前后游离油品质、DPPH·清除率的变化。结果表明:随着酶解时间的延长,游离油、乳状液中的茶皂素含量呈先增加后降低的趋势,水解液中的茶皂素含量呈显著降低趋势,而残渣中的茶皂素含量呈显著增加趋势;茶皂素提取前后,游离油提取率由62.056%显著提升至86.253%,游离油的酸价由0.097 mg/g显著降低至0.042 mg/g,不溶性杂质、水分含量则无显著变化,DPPH·清除率的结果表明茶皂素提取后,游离油具有更好的抗氧化稳定性。

Oil was extracted from camellia oleifera seeds by an aqueous enzymatic method.Free oil,emulsion,hydrolysate,and residue were collected respectively.The effects of different extraction times on the content of tea saponin in each phase were studied.Ultrasonic assisted ethanol extraction was used to extract tea saponin from camellia oleifera seeds.The changes of free oil quality and DPPH· clearance before and after extraction of tea saponin were compared.The results showed that during the process of aqueous enzymatic extraction of camellia seed free oil,the content of tea saponin in free oil and emulsion increased first and then decreasedwith extraction time,while the content of tea saponin in hydrolysate decreased significantly,and the content of tea saponin in residue increased significantly.Before and after the extraction of tea saponin,the extraction rate of free oil was significantly increased from 62.056 % to 86.253 %,the acid price of free oil was significantly reduced from 0.097 mg/g to 0.042 mg/g,and the insoluble impurities and moisture content did not change significantly.The results of DPPH·clearance showed that the free oil had better antioxidant stability after tea saponin extraction.