基于马克思的思想方法把握生产方式范畴

Understand the Category of Production Mode Based on Marx’s Thinking Methods

马克思的唯物史观包含一般历史关系和社会有机体的结构关系两个维度,两个思维行程相统一是马克思的政治经济学方法,物象化、事后分析、概念即对象、把研究对象当生命有机体是马克思把握研究对象的基本原则。把握生产方式范畴必须坚持马克思的这些思想方法的指导。在马克思的文本中,生产方式范畴具有四种基本含义,应根据研究对象的“生理结构”的不同侧面,判断生产方式各种样态与四种含义的对应关系,以及生产方式与社会整体的其他环节的关系。把握生产方式范畴,不仅是准确解读经典著作的必须,还有助于加深人们对唯物史观和《资本论》研究对象的认识,有助于理清资本主义生产方式与“市民社会”的关系。

Marx's historical materialism includes two,perspectives,namely,the general historical relationship and the structural relationship of social organisms.The unity of the two thinking processes is Marx's method of political economics,and the materialization,post-event analysis,regarding concepts as objects,and regarding research objects as living organisms are the basic principles for Marx to understand the research object.To understand the category of production mode,we must adhere to the guidance of these thinking methods of Marx.In Marx's text,the category of production mode has four basic meanings.It is_necessary to judge the corresponding,relationship between the various patterns of production modes and the four meanings,as well as the relationship between production modes and other parts of the entire society according to the different aspects of the"physiological structure"of the research object.Understanding the category of production mode is not only necessary for accurately interpreting classic works,but also helps deepen people's understanding.of historical materialism and the research object of Das Kapital and helps clarify the relationship between the capitalist mode of production and"civil society".