平台经济、数字空间与数字地租——一个马克思地租理论范式的拓展分析

Platform Economy,Digital Space and Digital Land Rent——An Extended Analysis of Marx’s Land Rent Theory Paradigm

平台在边界扩张和权力收缩的双向运动中完成了数字空间的“圈地运动”。平台资本家通过控制连接市场的通道,对供求双方实施锁定,并以平台所有者的身份向入驻商家征收数字地租。平台中权力配置的偏向性赋予平台所有者更强的决策自主权,平台容量及优劣空间的分布状况是平台所有者遵循“地租最大化”逻辑的结果。级差地租取决于数据商品的质量和平台生态圈的完整度。在平台经济中,劳动者来源的广泛性和易得性促使劳资之间弱契约关系的形成,劳动者的权益难以得到保障。“玩劳动”的娱乐属性模糊了工作与生活的界限,劳动者和资本家关于工作日之争的“二律背反”和解表象下隐藏着剥削之实,资本对劳动的剥削更加隐蔽且更为严重。我们应发挥制度优势,防止资本无序扩张,切实保障消费者和劳动者的合法权益。

Platforms complete the"enclosure movement" in the digital space mid the two-way movement of boundary expansion and power contraction.By controlling the channels connecting the market,platform capitalists lock the supply and demand sides and collect digital land rent from merchants that have settled down as platform owners.The bias,of power allocation in the platforms gives the platform owners stronger decision-making autonomy,and the distribution of platform capacity,and superior and inferior space is the result of the platform owners following the logic of"maximizing land rent,Differential rent depends on the quality of data commodities and the integrity of the platform ecosystem.In the platform economy,the extensiveness and easy availability of labor sources promote the formation of weak contractual relations between labor and capital,making it dificult to protect the rights and interests of laborers.The entertainment attribute of"entertainment labor"blurs the boundaries between work and life.The reality of exploitation is hidden under the surface of the"antinomy"reconciliation between laborers and capitalists in the dispute over working days,and the exploitation of labor by capital is more concealed and more serious.We should give full play,to'the system advantages to prevent the disorderly expansion of capital and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and workers.