民国时期中学教科书中的朝鲜起源论述

Discussion on the Origin of Korea in Middle School Textbooks of the Republic of China Period

民国时期出版的中学教科书详细记录了朝鲜的起源历史,体现了当时中国知识分子对朝鲜起源的认知。当时教科书关于朝鲜起源历史的内容主要有:古朝鲜大体在朝鲜半岛北部,毗邻中国东北地区,古朝鲜的人种为通古斯族。古朝鲜的开国之祖有三种提法,分别是檀君朝鲜、箕子朝鲜和卫满朝鲜。关于三韩的地理位置,马韩在朝鲜半岛的京畿道南部至忠清全罗一带,辰韩和弁韩分别在庆尚道的东北和西南处,三韩均是由躲避战乱、东渡朝鲜的中国民众所建立的。从民国时期起,关于朝鲜起源的分歧就已出现。民国时期中学教科书中对朝鲜起源的历史书写,与日本吞并朝鲜的现实形成了强烈的反差,唤起了当时中国人对朝鲜亡国的同情心。

Middle school textbooks published during the Period of the Republic of China gave a detailed account of the history of the origin of Korea,reflecting the knowledge of intellectuals at that time about the origin of Korea.At that time,the contents of textbooks on the origin of Korea were mainly as follows:ancient Korea is roughly in the north of the Korean Peninsula,adjacent to northeast China,and the ethnic group of ancient Korea is Tunguska.There are three ways to describe the founder of ancient Korea,namely,Dangun Joseon,Basket son north Korea and Wiman Korea.About the geographical location of Three Korean,Ma Korean is located in the Korean Peninsula from the south of Gyeonggi Province to Chungcheong Jeolla area,Jin Korean and Chemical Korea are respectively located in the northeast and southwest of Gyeongsang Province,Three Korean was all founded by Chinese people who fled the war and crossed the east to Korea.Disagreements over the origin of Korea have arisen since the Period of the Republic of China.The history of the origin of Korea in middle school textbooks during the Republic of China period was in sharp contrast to the reality of Japan′s annexation of Korea,which awakened the sympathy of the people at that time to the subjugation of Korea.