基于大数据的“一带一路”沿线国家中文学习关注度研究

A Big-data-based Study of the Degrees of Attention to Chinese-language Learning in“Belt and Road”Countries

“一带一路”倡议提出以来,沿线国家产生了广泛的中文学习兴趣,借助实证数据对这一现象开展研究和讨论,有助于认识相关管理活动的性质和机制。通过分析中文学习关键词在搜索引擎中的热度值、检索次数、地理位置等信息,对亚洲、非洲和欧洲50个“一带一路”沿线国家中文学习的关注度进行描述,发现21世纪以来,特别是“一带一路”倡议提出以后,相关国家对中文学习的兴趣总体上呈逐步加速和广泛上升趋势。亚洲地区的兴趣增长最为显著,主要体现在南亚和东南亚地区;非洲呈全面增长趋势;欧洲的增长则集中于少数几个国家。新冠疫情对中文国际传播未形成持续负面影响,在2020年略有回落后迅速恢复了增长趋势。相关国家的检索主要发生于孔子学院和HSK考点周边地区,这说明机构性支持对中文国际传播具有战略重要性。相关数据从理论上证实,国际中文教育在“一带一路”沿线国家的传播,主要是各国政府对基层需求的一种反馈;大数据技术能够帮助管理者主动关注到语言需求,并进行更为精准的管理。

Since the“Belt and Road”Initiative was proposed,there has been an increasing interest in Chinese-language learning.The research of this phenomenon on the basis of empirical data will help reveal the nature and mechanism of the relevant management activities.By collecting from the search engines the trending information,the search volume and geographical locations of the keywords related to Chinese-language learning,this paper analyzes the degrees of attention to Chinese-language learning in 50 countries along the“Belt and Road”in Asia,Africa and Europe.It concludes that since the beginning of this century,the interest in learning Chinese has generally shown an upward trend.The growth in Asia is the most conspicuous and mainly occurs in South Asia and Southeast Asia;Africa shows an overall growing trend;while in Europe it is mainly in a few countries.The COVID-19 epidemic has not had a sustained negative impact on the interest in Chinese-language learning,as the interest quickly resumed its growth trend after a slight decline in 2020.The relevant information retrieval mainly occurred in the areas near the Confucius Institutes and HSK test centers in those countries,indicating the strategic importance of providing institutional support for the international spread of the Chinese language.The data obtained in this study have theoretically proved that the international Chinese education in“Belt and Road”countries is basically a government response to the grassroots needs.Big-data technology will help the managers to actively show concern over language needs,and realize more precise management.