成分血中的细胞外囊泡在输血相关免疫调节中作用的研究进展

Extracellular vesicles in the blood components and their roles in transfusion-related immunomodulation

不同成分血在保存过程中产生的大量细胞外囊泡均富含多种生物活性分子,它们促进细胞与细胞之间的相互作用,介导细胞间的信号传递,广泛参与机体的炎症、代谢及免疫调控等。近年来的研究发现这些细胞外囊泡不仅能激活中性粒细胞引起输血相关急性肺损伤,还能作用于单核细胞刺激炎症反应,对患者免疫系统可起多种不同的调节作用。本文即是对不同成分血中的细胞外囊泡在输血相关免疫调节中的作用及其作用机制所作的综述。

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)with a variety of bioactive molecules can be continuously secreted during the storage of blood components,which can promote cell-cell interaction and mediate cell-to-cell signal transmission.EVs are widely involved in inflammation,metabolism and immunization.In recent years,studies have reported that EVs in the blood components can not only cause transfusion-related lung injury through activating neutrophils,but also act on monocytes to stimulate inflammatory response.EVs can play different regulatory effects on the immune system of patients.In this review,the role and mechanism in transfusion-related immunomodulation(TRIM)of EVs in different blood components have been summarized.