人力资本如何增强城市经济韧性

How dose Human Capital enhance Urban Economic Resilience

疫情冲击以及内部发展不平衡等问题对增强城市经济韧性提出新的要求,基于此现实背景剖析异质型人力资本对城市经济韧性的影响。结论如下:第一,教育人力资本对经济韧性的影响呈现“U”型曲线特征,健康人力资本对经济韧性的影响为促进作用。第二,教育人力资本对经济韧性的影响,在大城市中为促进作用,在中小城市呈“U”型曲线特征;在都市圈城市中呈现“U”形曲线特征,在非都市圈城市中的影响不显著。健康人力资本对经济韧性的影响,在大城市与都市圈城市中为促进作用,在中小城市与非都市圈城市中不显著。第三,利用shift-share分析法对城市经济韧性进行分解,发现教育人力资本可以通过影响产业结构韧性与区域竞争力韧性作用于经济韧性,而健康人力资本只能通过影响产业结构韧性作用于经济韧性。第四,教育人力资本可以通过协同创新效应与劳动力流动效应影响产业结构韧性与区域竞争力韧性,最终作用于经济韧性;健康人力资本可以通过劳动生产率效应影响产业结构韧性,最终影响经济韧性。

The impact of global epidemic and the imbalance of internal development put forward new requirements on how to enhance resilience.Based on this great realistic background,this paper analyzes the impact of heterogeneous human capital on economic resilience by combining theory and demonstration.The conclusions are as follows:First,the impact of educational human capital on economic resilience presents the characteristics of"U"curve,and the impact of healthy human capital on economic resilience is positive.The results of endogenous test and robustness test are consistent.Second,the impact of educational human capital on economic resilience is positive in large cities and presents the characteristics of"U"curve in small and medium-sized cities;It presents the characteristics of"U"curve in metropolitan cities,and has no significant impact in non-metropolitan cities.The impact of healthy human capital on economic resilience is positive in large cities and metropolitan cities,but not significant in small and medium-sized cities and nonmetropolitan cities.Thirdly,using the shift-share analysis method to decompose economic resilience,it is found that educational human capital can finally affect the economic resilience by affecting the industrial structure resilience and regional competitiveness resilience,while healthy human capital can only affect the economic resilience by affecting the industrial structure resilience.Fourth,educational human capital can affect the resilience of industrial structure and regional competitiveness resilience through collaborative innovation effect and labor mobility effect,and finally affect economic resilience;Healthy human capital can affect the resilience of industrial structure through the effect of labor productivity,and finally affect economic resilience.