本科老年护理学实践教学中基于长者访谈的内容分析

Content analysis of the practice teaching based on the elderly interview in baccalaureate Gerontological Nursing

目的 分析本科《老年护理学》实践教学中基于长者访谈的教学效果。方法 根据课程提供的访谈提纲,要求44名选修《老年护理学》的护理本科学生,每人利用课余时间对1名老年人进行访谈,访谈后完成书面报告,采用内容分析法对访谈报告中的反思内容进行分析。结果 析出4个主题11个类别,即理论-实践-研究贯通的学习(包括走出课堂的深入学习,激发主动思考与学习,在学习中服务老年人和老年护理的价值4个类别),走近老年人和他们的生活(包括改变对老年人的固有印象和面对疾病2个类别),关于老年人医养的反思(包括多层次的养老策略,多维度的医疗服务提升策略和政策,社会层面的助力3个类别),陪伴中的个人感悟(包括社会责任和为人处世2个类别)。结论 在本科《老年护理学》教学中应用长者访谈进行教学实践,可加深学生对老年人的认识,促进学生个人成长,巩固课堂学习成果。

Objective To analyze the effect of practice teaching based on the elderly interview in baccalaureate Gerontological Nursing.Methods According to the interview guide in the course,44 baccalaureate nursing students selecting Gerontological Nursing as elective course were asked to interview an elderly person in their spare time and submit an interview report,which was used to analyze their reflection using the qualitative content analysis method.Results Four themes and 11 subthemes were extracted:integrated study of theoretical knowledge,practice,and research(deep learning outside the classroom,motivating active thinking and learning,providing service during learning,and the value of gerontology nursing),understanding the elderly and their lives(changing the stereotype images of the elderly,and facing the illness),reflection on elderly care(strategies of elderly care at multiple levels,policies and strategies improving healthcare service in multiple dimensions,and supports at societal level),and personal insights in companionship(social responsibility and wisdom of life).Conclusion Application of the elderly interview in the practice teaching of baccalaureate Gerontological Nursing,could deepen the nursing students′ understanding of the elderly,promote their personal growth,and consolidate the effects of classroom-learning.