脑小血管病影像学特征及其总体负荷与血管性认知障碍关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between imaging characteristics and overall burden of cerebral small vessel disease and vascular cognitive impairment

随着脑小血管病(CSVD)和血管性认知障碍(VCI)相关研究的不断进展,有研究提出将CSVD的MRI影像学表现中的脑白质高信号、脑微出血、腔隙及周围血管间隙扩大4项构建视觉评分系统,从而评价CSVD的总体负荷,以进一步定量评估CSVD的严重程度对VCI的影响。近年来,CSVD总体负荷视觉评分系统对VCI的评价价值存在争议。作者对VCI的概念、CSVD各影像学特征和总体负荷与VCI关系的研究进展进行了综述,旨在进一步提高临床医师对CSVD与VCI关系的认识,并为制定适合的CSVD总体负荷评分系统提供理论参考。

With the continuous progress of related research on cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD) and vascular cognitive impairment(VCI), some studies have proposed construction of a visual scoring system assessing overall burden of CSVD with 4 items from MRI imaging manifestations, including the white matter hyperintensity, cerebral microbleeds, lacunar and enlarged peripheral blood vessels, to further quantitatively assess the impact of the severity of CSVD in the whole brain on VCI. In recent years, the value of CSVD visual scoring system for overall burden evaluation of VCI has been controversial. This article reviewed the research progress of concept of VCI, imaging characteristics of CSVD and relationship between the overall burden and VCI, aiming to further improve clinicians′ understanding of the relationship between CSVD and VCI, and provide a theoretical basis to develop a suitable scoring system for the overall burden of CSVD.