程序性细胞死亡蛋白1及其配体1信号通路在缺血性卒中发病机制中的研究进展

Research progress of programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed cell death-ligand 1 signaling pathway in the onset of ischemic stroke

程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(PD-1)及其配体1(PD-L1)是免疫球蛋白CD28超家族的共刺激分子,其通路由多种途径激活后转导抑制信号,在肿瘤的免疫逃逸、病毒感染、移植排斥及自身免疫性疾病中发挥着重要的调节作用,其特殊的免疫抑制作用也可能参与缺血性卒中相应的病理过程。作者对近年来PD-1/PD-L1信号通路在缺血性卒中领域的研究进行总结,发现PD-1/PD-L1通路通过调控炎性反应、促进免疫细胞凋亡、保护血-脑屏障、可能参与氧化应激反应从而发挥缺血后脑神经保护作用。通过进一步深入研究,该通路有望成为缺血性卒中新的治疗靶点。

Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1) belong to the immunoglobulin CD28 family, which are activated by multiple ways and transduce the suppression signal. PD-1 and PD-L1 play an important regulatory role in immune escape of tumors, viral infection, graft rejection and autoimmune disease. Their special immunosuppressive effects may also be involved in the corresponding pathological processes of ischemic stroke. This paper summarizes the recent studies of PD-1/PD-L1 in ischemic stroke. It is found that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway exerts a neuroprotective effect after ischemia by regulating inflammatory response, promoting immune cell apoptosis, protecting the blood-brain barrier and possibly participating in oxidative stress response to exert neuroprotective effects after ischemia. Further study of this pathway is expected to be a new therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.