空化泡-边界相互作用研究进展综述

Review on Progress of the Interactions between Cavitation Bubble and Boundary

空化对材料表面的破坏现象广泛存在于核工程、流体机械等领域,严重影响系统的安全稳定运行,而边界附近空化泡溃灭形成的射流冲击是空化破坏的主要机理之一。本文从理论和实验研究两方面对已有的空化泡-边界相互作用研究展开综述。首先,整理并优化了由Kelvin冲量和镜像法组成的理论体系,梳理出了边界附近空化泡所受Kelvin冲量的通用计算流程。以水平壁面、自由液面、角形壁面和球形颗粒四种典型边界情况为例,详细介绍了空化泡所受Kelvin冲量的分析过程和计算结果。此外,展示了空化泡与上述典型壁面相互作用的高速摄影实验研究进展。最后,对Kelvin冲量理论与高速摄影实验研究更深入的结合给出了建议,并给出了适用条件。

The phenomenon of cavitation damage to material surface widely exists in nuclear engineering,fluid machinery and other fields,which seriously affects the safe and stable operation of the system.The jet impact formed by the collapse of cavitation bubble near the boundary is one of the main mechanisms of cavitation damage.This paper reviews the existing study on the interaction between cavitation bubble and boundary from both theoretical and experimental aspects.Firstly,the theoretical system composed of the Kelvin impulse and image method is sorted out and optimized,and the general calculation process of Kelvin impulse of cavitation bubble near the boundary is sorted out.Taking four typical boundary conditions of the horizontal wall,free surface,angular wall and spherical particle as examples,the analysis process and calculation results of Kelvin impulse on cavitation bubble are introduced in detail.In addition,the study progress of high-speed photography experiment on the interaction between cavitation bubble and the above typical wall is shown.Finally,suggestions are given for the deeper combination of the Kelvin impulse theory and high-speed photography experiment,and the applicable conditions are given.