上海市新市民健康服务需求现状分析

Current health service demands of new residents in shanghai

【目的】了解上海市新市民的健康服务需求现状及影响因素。【方法】2020年7—8月,对上海市7个行政区36个调查点的1358名新市民进行问卷调查。问卷包括流入地基本医疗保险参保情况、就医需求现状及相关影响因素和其他健康服务需求。【结果】47.1%(562/1194)的新市民身体不适时未选择及时就医,工作时间挤占就医时间是就医需求不能满足的主要原因。Logistic回归分析显示,日平均工作时间,居住区域和居住方式,健康状况、健康体检和体育锻炼及基本医疗保险参保类型是影响新市民就医需求的主要因素。新市民对“常见病多发病的健康咨询“”健康行为干预(戒烟限酒等)“”就医指导和宣传“”意外伤害预防(交通、工作、高空坠落等)“”健康合法权益维护”需求分别为57.1%(682/1194)、41.3%(493/1194)、34.9%(417/1194)、32.2%(385/1194)和31.9%(381/1194)。【结论】新市民对医疗服务的需求不能被满足,应积极改善新市民的工作和生活条件,完善新市民健康服务体系建设,提高其利用健康医疗服务的水平。

[Objective]To understand the current situation and influencing factors of health service demands of new residents in Shanghai.[Methods]From July to August 2020,a questionnaire survey was conducted in 1358 new residents from 36 survey points in 7 districts of the city.The questionnaire included the basic medical insurance coverage in the inflow area,the current situation of medical demand and related influencing factors,and the demands for other health services.[Results]47.1%(562/1194)of new residents did not choose to seek timely medical treatment when they were not feeling well.The main reason was that the working hours occupied the medical treatment time.Logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the medical needs in new residents were the average daily working hours,living area and type of residence,health status,physical examination and physical exercise,and the type of basic medical insurance.The demands of new residents for"health consultation of common diseases and frequently occurring diseases","health behavior intervention(such as smoking cessation and alcohol restriction)","medical guidance and publicity","accidental injury prevention(traffic,work,falling,etc.)"and"maintenance of legitimate rights and interests of health"were 57.1%(682/1194)、41.3%(493/1194)、34.9%(417/1194)、32.2%(385/1194)and 31.9%(381/1194),respectively.[Conclusion]New residents demands for medical services cannot be met.We should actively improve the working and living conditions of new residents,improve the construction of new residents’health service system,and improve the utilization level of health services.