南宁市西乡塘区学龄前期儿童家长手足口病相关知识和行为的现况调查

Investigation of Current Situation of Relevant Knowledge and Behavior about Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease among Parents of Preschool Children in Xixiangtang District of Nanning City

目的:了解南宁市西乡塘区学龄前期儿童家长手足口病(HFMD)相关知识和行为的现况,分析其影响因素,为HFMD的预防控制和健康教育提供参考依据。方法:采用自行设计的调查问卷,对研究对象进行HFMD相关知识和行为的现况调查。采用Excel表格录入原始数据,SPSS 20.0进行统计学分析。结果:一共回收335份问卷,有效问卷为313份,有效问卷率达93.43%,最终313名研究对象纳入本次研究;313名学龄前期儿童家长的知识得分为9(2)分,行为得分为32(3)分,知识行为总得分为42(5)分。不同家长文化程度、家长个人月收入和家长是否接受过HFMD的教育宣传活动的知识行为总得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多元线性回归分析提示知识行为总得分受家长是否接受过手足口病的教育宣传活动(β=2.288,P<0.001)和家长文化程度(β=1.286,P<0.001)共同影响。HFMD知识和信息来源前三位为:广播电视网络(79.55%)、宣传栏/宣传标语/宣传手册(76.04%)和书刊报纸(48.24%);想要了解的HFMD知识和信息前三位为:如何预防(83.39%)、患病后的护理方法与治疗方法(78.91%)、流行情况及新发病例的消息(71.57%)。结论:应注重HFMD教育宣传活动在预防控制HFMD中的作用,加强对学龄前期儿童家长HFMD的教育宣传,针对不同文化程度、个人月收入和认知情况的学龄前期儿童家长开展教育宣传工作,采取线上线下相结合的教育宣传方式,重点讲解HFMD预防控制、治疗、护理等方面的知识,充分调动人们预防HFMD的积极性,从而使HFMD的发病率有所下降,减少重症和死亡病例的发生。

Objective:To investigate the current situation of relevant knowledge and behavior about hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) among parents of preschool children in Xixiangtang district of Nanning city,and to analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of HFMD and control and health education.Methods:A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the current situation of HFMD related knowledge and behavior.Excel was used to input the original data,and SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 335 questionnaires were collected,of which 313 were valid,and the effective questionnaire rate was 93.43%.Finally,313 subjects were included in this study.The knowledge score of 313 parents of preschool children was 9(2),the behavior score was 32(3),and the total score of knowledge and behavior was 42(5).There were significant differences in the total scores of knowledge and behavior among parents with different educational levels,parents’ personal monthly income,and whether parents had received HFMD education and publicity activities(all P < 0.05);multiple linear regression analysis showed that the total score of knowledge and behavior was influenced by whether the parents had received education and publicity activities for hand,foot and mouth disease(β = 2.288,P<0.001) and the educational level of the parents(β = 1.286,P<0.001).The top three sources of HFMD knowledge and information for the parents were:radio television and networks(79.55%),billboards,slogans and brochures(76.04%),books and newspapers(48.24%).The top three HFMD knowledge and information that the parents want to know were:how to prevent(83.39%),post illness nursing and treatment methods(78.91%),prevalence and news of new cases(71.57%).Conclusion:We should pay attention to the role of HFMD education and publicity activities in the prevention and control of HFMD,strengthen the education and publicity of HFMD for the parents of preschool children,carry out education and publicity work for parents of pre-school children with different educational levels,personal monthly income and cognitive conditions,adopt an Online and offline combination of education and publicity,focus on explaining the knowledge of HFMD prevention and control,treatment,nursing and other aspects,and fully mobilize people’s enthusiasm to prevent HFMD,so as to reduce the incidence of HFMD,reduce the occurrence of severe and death cases.