重视出生结构缺陷的早期干预 发展母胎医学

Emphasis on early intervention of fetal structural defects and developing of maternal-fetal medicine

出生结构缺陷是导致婴幼儿死亡和先天残疾的主要原因。随着对出生结构缺陷认识的不断深入,以及各种产前诊断方法的进步,一些出生结构缺陷在产前便可获得诊断。随着“母胎医学”的发展,部分出生结构缺陷可在胎儿期通过手术干预治疗得到及早矫治,从而改善患儿预后,提高生命质量。目前,国内母胎医学和胎儿期手术干预治疗技术尚处于起步阶段,对于出生结构缺陷的诊治尚存在认识差异。本文就出生结构缺陷流行病学、母胎医学的兴起和发展以及胎儿期外科手术干预治疗的相关内容进行阐述,以期为临床开展相关工作提供参考。

Fetal structural defects are the leading cause of death and congenital disability in infants and toddlers children.With the deeper understanding of fetal structural defects and recent advances in various of prenatal diagnostics methods,some fetal structural defects may be diagnosed prenatallybefore birth.With the rapid development of“maternal-fetal medicine”,some fetal structural defects are managed early through fetal surgery for achieving better infants prognosis and quality-of-life.Currently,maternal-fetal medicine and fetal surgical intervention have remained in their infancy in China's Mainland.There are differences exist in the understanding,diagnosis and treatment of fetal structural defects.This review paper focuseds up the epidemiology of fetal structural defects,the development of maternal-fetal medicine,and fetal surgery to offer a references for clinical practices.