艾灸"足三里"、"关元"对模拟低住高练大鼠诱导缺氧因子和有氧运动能力的影响

Moxibustion"Zusanli"and"Guanyuan"Induced Hypoxia Factors in Simulated Rats Living Low and Practicing High and Aerobic Exercise Ability

目的:探讨艾灸对模拟高原训练低住高练大鼠有氧运动能力的影响及作用机制。方法:40只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为A、B、C、D四组。A组:大鼠处于(13.5±0.5%)O_(2)环境自由游泳至溺水后,取双侧"足三里""关元"进行干预,每穴每日灸15 min;B组:训练方法同A组,不予艾灸干预;C组:艾灸方法同A组,不予训练;D组:不进行任何干预。测量大鼠体质量、四肢抓力、首次溺水时长、一次性力竭心电图及血红蛋白、促红细胞生成素、血管内皮生长因子含量,观察骨骼肌组织形态,检测希佩尔-林道蛋白(PVHL)、转录延伸蛋白转录延伸蛋白干预。测量、诱导缺氧因子1(HIF-Ⅰα)蛋白表达水平。结果:各组未出现死亡等异常情况,体质量稳定增加,且组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);四肢抓力比较F_(A)>F_(C)>F_(B)>F_(D)(P<0.05);首次溺水游泳时间中A组较B、C、D组时间延长(P<0.05);ECG显示HR_(A)<HR_(C)<HR_(B)<HR_(D)、一次性力竭时间S_(A)<S_(C)<S_(B)<S_(D)、心脏系数M_(B)>M_(A)>M_(D)>M_(C)、T波T_(B)>T_(A)、ST段STB>STA(P<0.05);HB含量检测显示:与D组比较,A组最高,C组其次,B组最小(P<0.05);与D组比较,B组EPO、VEGF降低(P<0.05)、C组EPO、VEGF增高(P<0.05),与A组比较,B、C组EPO、VEGF降低(P<0.05);A组骨骼肌较B、C、D三组排列整齐,肌纤维直径均匀且排列整齐紧密。与D组比较,A组大鼠HIF-Ⅰα含量最高,B组其次,C组最小(P<0.05);与D组比较,A组PVHL、Elongin-β表达最低、B组其次、C组最小(P<0.05)。结论:艾灸"足三里""关元"可提升大鼠有氧运动能力;其机制可能与改善模拟低住高练大鼠改善肌纤维结构紊乱和缓解心脏代偿有关。

Objective:To explore the effect of moxibustion on the aerobic exercise capacity of rats living low and training high under simulated altitude training and its mechanism.Methods:Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:A,B,C,and D.Group A:Rats swim freely until they drown in(13.5±0.5%)O_(2) environment,and then take bilateral"Zusanli"and"Guanyuan"for intervention,moxibustion for each point for 15 minutes per day;Group B:same training method as group A,No moxibustion intervention;C group:the same moxibustion method as group A,no training;D group:no intervention.Measure rat body mass,limb grip,first drowning time,one-time exhaustion ECG and hemoglobin,erythropoietin,vascular endothelial growth factor content,observe skeletal muscle tissue morphology,detect Hipper-lindau protein(PVHL),Transcription elongation proteinβ(Elongin-β),induced hypoxia factor 1(HIF-Ⅰα)protein expression levels.Results:There were no deaths and other abnormalities in each group,and the body weight increased steadily,and the difference between the groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05);comparison of limb grip F_(A)>F_(C)>F_(B)>F_(D)(P<0.05);first drowning The swimming time of group A was longer than that of group B(P<0.05);ECG showed HRA<HRC<HRB<HRD,one-time exhaustion time S_(A)<S_(C)<S_(B)<S_(D),cardiac coefficient MB>M_(A)>M_(D)>M_(C),T wave TB>T_(A),ST segment ST_(B)>ST_(A)(P<0.05);HB content detection showed:compared with group D,group A was the highest,group C was the second,group B was the smallest(P<0.05);compared with group D,group B EPO,VEGF decreased(P<0.05),EPO and VEGF increased in group C(P<0.05).Compared with group A,EPO and VEGF in group B and C decreased(P<0.05);skeletal muscle of group A was higher than that of B,C,D The three groups are arranged neatly,the diameter of the muscle fibers is uniform and the arrangement is neat and tight.Compared with group D,group A had the highest HIF-Ⅰαcontent,followed by group B,and group C was the smallest(P<0.05);compared with group D,group A had the lowest expression of PVHL and Elongin-β,group B was the second,and group C was the smallest(P<0.05).Conclusion:Moxibustion of Zusanli and Guanyuan can improve the aerobic exercise capacity of rats;the mechanism may be related to improving the muscle fiber structure disorder and relieving cardiac compensation in simulated low-living and high-training rats.