牛活体采卵研究进展及其应用前景

Progress and Applications in Bovine Ovum Pick-Up

活体采卵(ovum pick-up,OPU)是一种使用非手术方法从供体母牛中获得卵母细胞的方法,能够在对供体损伤较小的情况下获得较多的优质卵母细胞,现已在各繁殖育种技术中得到广泛应用,但活体采卵仍存在效率较为低下、影响因素多、操作技术及设备要求较高等问题。论文介绍了牛活体采卵发展历史,并对活体采卵的3种方法(盲采法、内窥镜法和超声波法)的操作及研究进展和活体采卵的影响因素进行了综述,最后分析了活体采卵在体外胚胎生产和体细胞核移植等技术的应用前景,旨在为活体采卵技术发展完善及在繁殖育种中的进一步推广和应用提供参考。

Ovum pick-up(OPU)is a non-surgical method of obtaining oocytes from donor cattle,which can obtain more high-quality oocytes with less damage to the donor cattle.However,OPU technique still has problems such as low efficiency,many influencing factors,and high requirements for operating technology and equipment.This article introduced the development history of OPU,and then reviewed the operation and research progress of three methods of OPU(blind ovum pick-up method,laparoscopic ovum pick-up method and ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up method)and the influencing factors of OPU.The application prospects of OPU in in vitro embryo production and somatic cell nuclear transfer were analyzed,in order to provide reference for the development and improvement of OPU technology and its further promotion and application in reproduction and breeding field.