破片侵彻戴防弹头盔头部靶标钝击效应数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Bludgeoning Effect of Fragments Penetrating Head Target Wearing Bulletproof Helmet

为研究低速破片对于佩戴防弹头盔的人体头部靶标的杀伤效应,基于枪弹侵彻防弹头盔的3D-DIC试验和和头部撞击试验验证复合材料头盔仿真模型和头部有限元模型的准确性,构建6 mm钢球破片侵彻戴防弹头盔人体头部靶标的数值模型,开展破片从正面、侧面和顶部3个方向的侵彻效应数值模拟。研究结果表明:当破片以600 m/s的入靶速度侵彻时,正面、侧面和顶部侵彻弹着点处的瞬态鼓包高度分别为10.2 mm、11.3 mm和11.5 mm,表明有头部支撑头盔的情况下破片侵彻造成的背面鼓包高度接近;正面侵彻过程弹着点底部颅骨应力最大,侧面侵彻颅骨弹着点底部应力最小,破片侵彻造成的颅骨应力均不会超过损伤阈值,表明低速破片侵彻不会造成颅骨损伤;正面、侧面和顶部侵彻造成的颅内压峰值分别为495 kPa、110 kPa和327 kPa,表明在破片侵彻中侧面的防护效果最好,正面和顶部的颅内压峰值可以造成脑损伤。

In order to study the killing effect of low-velocity fragments on the human head target wearing a bulletproof helmet,this paper firstly verified the accuracy of the simulation model of the composite helmet and the finite element head model based on the 3D-DIC test of the bullet penetrating the bulletproof helmet and the head impact test.Then,the numerical model of the 6 mm steel ball fragment penetrating the human head target wearing a bulletproof helmet was constructed,and the numerical simulation of the penetration effect of the fragment from the front,side and top directions were carried out.The research results show that when the fragment penetrates at a target speed of 600 m/s,the transient bulge heights at the impact points of the frontal,side and top penetration bullets are 10.2 mm,11.3 mm and 11.5 mm,respectively,indicating that there is head support.In the case of a helmet,the height of the back bulge caused by fragment penetration is similar;the skull stress at the bottom of the impact point during frontal penetration is the largest,and the stress at the bottom of the impact point of side penetration is the smallest.The skull stress caused by fragment penetration will not exceed the damage threshold,which indicates that low speed Fragment penetration did not cause skull damage;peak intracranial pressures were 495 kPa,110 kPa,and 327 kPa due to frontal,lateral,and top penetration,respectively,indicating the best protection in the mid-lateral,frontal and top penetrations Peak intracranial pressure can cause brain damage.