1+X证书制度对我国资格框架的构建抑制及破解可能

The Inhibition and Solution of 1+X Certificate System to the Construction of China’s Qualifications Framework

近年来,我国关于资格框架的学理研究和实践探索持续进行,但其现实建设进入了滞缓期。随着职业教育领域1+X证书制度的实施,为我国资格框架的构建工作带来了巨大挑战。资格框架源于劳动世界的资格归整、立于劳动世界与教育体系之间,并施于教育体系的潜在变革。然而在1+X证书制度中的资格悖论困境下,资格框架无法顺利地将“1”与“X”的资格纳入其中,并引发了对接、等值问题。通过结合国际经验与国内实际、厘清学历资格与职业资格、协调独立工作与携手合作以及规范资格描述与认证标准破解当前困局。在此基础上,发挥资格框架的潜在作用促进我国教育体系的深刻变革,并对标世界标准开启我国资格框架的国际进程。

In recent years, while the theoretical research and practical exploration of the qualifications framework in China have continued, its construction has entered a stagnant period. With the implementation of the1+X certificate system, it has brought significant challenges to the construction of the qualifications framework. The qualifications framework is derived from the codification of vocational qualifications in the labor market, exists between the labor market and the education system, and has a potentially transformative effect on the education system. However, in the paradoxical dilemma of qualification in the 1 + X certificate system, the qualifications framework cannot successfully incorporate the qualifications of "1" and "X," which leads to the problem of linkage and equivalence. This study believes that the current dilemma can be solved by combining international experience and domestic reality, clarifying academic qualifications and vocational qualifications, coordinating independent work and cooperation, and standardizing qualification descriptions and accreditation standards. On this basis, the potential role of the qualifications framework will promote profound changes in the education system in China, and it will start the international process of China’s qualifications framework by benchmarking with world standards.