如何认识职业教育行动导向教学——专访北京师范大学赵志群教授

How to Perceive Action-Oriented Teaching in Vocational Education——Interview with Professor Zhao Zhiqun of Beijing Normal University

行动导向教学起源于德国,推动了国际职业教育教学模式改革。“完整的行动模式”是行动导向教学的核心特征,要求学生有意识地、整体化地认识世界,把认知学习与职业行动结合起来。而任务引领和跨学科性是行动导向教学的基本特点,学习任务的过程是学生的学习过程,也是职业能力发展的过程,应该尽量将真实工作情境与教学条件融合在一起。在职业教育实践中,典型的行动导向教学法包括项目教学法、引导文教学法、技术实验教学法等。在企业生产实践中,行动导向教学法的主要形式为质量小组、学习车间和学习岛等,以实现分散式岗位学习。

The action-oriented teaching originated in Germany and has contributed to the reform of the international vocational education teaching model. The core feature of action-oriented teaching is the "complete action model," which requires students to understand the world consciously and holistically, and to combine cognitive learning with professional action. And the task-based and interdisciplinary is the basic characteristics of action-oriented teaching. The process of learning tasks is the process of students’ learning and vocational competence development. In addition, it should integrate real work situations with teaching conditions as much as possible. In vocational education, the typical action-oriented teaching methods include project-based teaching,introductory text teaching method, and technology experimental teaching method. In enterprise production practice,in order to realize decentralized job learning, the primary forms of action-oriented teaching methods are quality groups, learning workshops, and learning island.