天津市河西区12家社区卫生服务中心社区科专职人员成就动机与职业倦怠关系及影响因素分析

Analysis on the relationship between achievement motivation and occupational burnout and influencing factors of full-time community departmentstaff of 12 community health service centers in Hexi District of Tianjin

目的了解社区卫生服务中心社区科工作人员成就动机与职业倦怠的关系及影响因素.方法采用自行设计的人口特征及工作情况问卷、成就动机量表(the achievement motive scale,AMS)和职业倦怠量表(maslach burnout inventory-general survey,MBI-GS),于2021年3-6月,选取天津市河西区12家社区卫生服务中心152名社区科专职人员进行问卷调查.结果社区科人员成就动机得分为2.00(-4.00,10.00)分,追求成功的动机为38.00(34.00,42.00)分,避免失败维度得分为(35.11±7.09)分;职业倦怠情绪衰竭维度得分为11.00(7.00,16.00)分,去人性化维度得分为6.00(2.00,10.00)分,个人成就感维度分为23.00(17.00,30.00)分.追求成功与情感衰竭、去人性化呈负相关(r=-0.313,-0.349,均P<0.05),与个人成就感呈正相关(r=0.780,P<0.05);避免失败与去人性化呈正相关(r=0.179,P<0.05);成就动机与情绪衰竭、去人性化呈负相关(r=-0.289、-0.331,均P<0.05).工作年限、追求成功、专业为情绪衰竭的影响因素(β=0.259、-0.258、-0.776,均P<0.05);追求成功为去人性化的影响因素(β=-0.327,P<0.01);追求成功、月经济收入及工作年限为个人成就感的影响因素(β=3.126、0.303、0.189,均P<0.05).结论社区科人员成就动机和职业倦怠密切相关,追求成功动机越弱职业倦怠越严重.应关注年轻人员和医学专业人员,完善晋升机制和奖惩制度以减轻社区科人员职业倦怠.

Objective To understand the relationship between achievement motivation and occupational burnout and influencing factors of community department staff in community health service centers Methods A total of 152 full-time community department staff of 12 community health service centers in Hexi District of Tianjin were slescted from March to June 2021 and investigated by self-designed demographic characteristics and working condition questionnaire,the achievement motive scale(AMS)and Maslach burnout inventory-general survey(MBI-GS). Results The achievement motivation score of the community department staff was 2.00(-4.00,10.00)points,the motivation for succeed(Ms) score was 38.00(34,42)points and the motivation for failure(Mf) score was(35.11±7.09)points. The score of occupational burnout was 11.00(7.00,16.00)points for emotional exhaustion and 6.00(2.00,10.00)points fordepersonalization and 23.00(17.00,30.00)points forpersonal achievement. The Ms was negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization(r=-0.313,-0.349,both P<0.05),and positively correlated withpersonal achievement(r =0.780,P <0.05).The Mf was positively correlated with depersonalization(r =0.179,P <0.05).The achievement motivation was negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization(r=-0.289,-0.331,both P<0.05).Working years,Ms and major were the influencing factors of emotional exhaustion(β=0.259,-0.258,-0.776,all P<0.05),the Ms was the influencing factor of depersonalization(β=-0.327,P<0.01),Ms,monthly income and working years were the influencing factors of personal achievement(β=3.126,0.303,0.189,all P<0.05). Conclusion The achievement motivation of community staff is closely related to occupational burnout. The weaker the Ms,the more serious the occupational burnout. Paying attention to young people and medical professionals,and improving the promotion mechanism and reward and punishment system can reduce the occupational burnout of community staff.