基于硫酸根自由基的微生物灭活技术研究进展

Sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes for water disinfection

基于硫酸根自由基(SO_(4)^(−·))的高级氧化工艺(advanced oxidation processes,AOPs),因其具有强氧化性及广泛pH适应范围,对不同微生物如抗氯菌、真菌及病毒等均具有广谱灭菌性,且在反应过程中仅产生极少量卤代副产物,因此在再生水、地下水或是应急场所中病原微生物灭活应用方面具有十分广阔的发展前景.本文概述了基于SO_(4)^(−·)的不同AOPs(如金属辅助、光辅助、碱辅助及压电催化)对各类致病微生物和指示微生物的灭活动力学响应,并揭示了其对病原微生物的灭活机制,主要为先破坏细胞膜通透性,进而引发酶和基因组损伤,从而有效抑制并彻底灭活病原微生物.此外,本文还总结和讨论了水质参数(如pH、温度和各种水基质)对基于SO_(4)^(−·)的AOPs消毒效果的影响,并对该体系中副产物的生成进行了调研和讨论.最后在结论中总结了综述中的关键点,并对将该工艺应用于实际工程中的知识缺口、研究需求和设计需要做出展望.

Sulfate radical(SO_(4)^(−·))-based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) have emerged as promising technologies for inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms in water and wastewater, due to the high oxidation potential of SO_(4)^(−·)towards different microorganisms, such as chlorine-resistant bacteria, fungi and viruses;strong oxidation at wide range of pH adaptation, and the negligible formation of undesired halogenated byproducts, which is suitable to be applied in reclaimed water,underground water or emergency places. This work provides an overview on the kinetic responses of various pathogenic/indicator microorganisms in different SO_(4)^(−·)-based AOPs(e.g., metal-assisted,light-assisted, and piezo-catalytic ones) and the mechanisms responsible for the inactivation, mainly including membrane permeability is first destroyed, which leads to enzyme and genome damage, thus effectively inhibiting and inactivating pathogenic microorganisms. The effects of water matrix(e.g., pH, temperature, and various water matrix) on the disinfection efficacies have also been reviewed and discussed. The formation of undesired byproducts in the SO_(4)^(−·)based AOPs was also reviewed and discussed. Key points from the review are summarized in the conclusive remarks. Knowledge gaps, research needs, and design requirements of engineering applications of these processes in realworld practice are proposed as future perspectives.