渤海稠油油田开发技术国际对标研究

Research on International Benchmarking of Bohai Heavy Oil Field Development Technology

随着石油勘探技术的不断提高,稠油油藏因其分布广、产量大、可利用价值高等特性而备受瞩目。为促进我国渤海油田高效开发利用,以加拿大稠油油田为研究对象,采用对标分析的研究方法,在总结加拿大典型稠油油藏开采经验基础上,针对渤海稠油油田强边底水、油层埋藏深及存在隔夹层等特性,对渤海油田热力开采增效技术进行可行性分析,并提出更适合渤海稠油油田开发的对策与建议。研究结果表明:为避免渤海油田因边底水严重产生底水锥进现象,在生产中需关注汽油比与地层压力的关系,调整注采速度。对于开发方式,建议选择SAGD或HCSS技术;而对于局部隔夹层分布发育较完善的稠油油藏,更建议选择HCSS技术。采用SAGD技术进行稠油热力开发时,应根据采油半径、汽腔体积和汽油接触表面积的参数调整注汽状态,以保证高轮次吞吐阶段远井地带有足够热能预热原油,并维持足够热能使预热原油流至井底。为了减少SAGD技术产生的热损失及弥补蒸汽冷凝后腔体压力的缺失,可选择辅助SAGD技术使经济效益最大化。

With the continuous improvement of petroleum exploration technology, heavy oil reservoirs have attracted much attention due to their wide distribution, large production, and high usable value. To promote the efficient development and utilization of China’s Bohai oil field, the Canadian heavy oil field was used as the research object and the benchmark analysis method was used for analysis. Based on the experience of typical Canadian heavy oil reservoirs, according to the characteristics of strong edge and bottom water, oil layer burial depth and interlayers in the Bohai heavy oil field, the feasibility analysis of the Bohai oil field thermal recovery technology was carried out, and more suitable countermeasures and suggestions for the development of Bohai heavy oil field were proposed. The research results showed that in order to avoid serious bottom water coning caused by the edge and bottom water in the Bohai oil field, attention should be paid to the relationship between gas-oil ratio and formation pressure,and the injection-production rate should be adjusted during production. For the development method, it was recommended to choose SAGD or HCSS technology;and for heavy oil reservoirs with well-developed local barriers and interlayers, it was more recommended to choose HCSS technology. When using SAGD technology for thermal development of heavy oil, the steam injection state should be adjusted according to the parameters of oil extraction radius, steam cavity volume and gas-oil contact surface area. In this way, it is ensured that there is enough heat energy to preheat the crude oil in the remote well in the high-round huff and puff stage, and sufficient heat energy is maintained to allow the preheated crude oil to flow to the bottom of the well. To reduce the heat loss generated by SAGD technology and make up for the lack of pressure in the cavity after steam condensation, auxiliary SAGD technology should be selected to maximize economic benefits.