环境气候风险评估方法的研究综述

A Review of Research on Environmental Climate Risk Assessment Methods

随着习近平总书记提出我国要尽早实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标,中央经济工作会议也将做好“碳达峰、碳中和”列为2021年重点工作之一。央行逐步将气候变化相关风险纳入宏观审慎政策框架中,同时鼓励金融机构评估、管理其环境和气候风险。目前,我国除中国工商银行等少数机构之外,大部分金融机构还未系统性地对环境气候风险进行评估,并将其纳入投融资决策中。由此,如何客观准确地对环境气候风险评估是每个金融机构需要面对的现实问题。本文以央行和监管机构绿色金融网络(NGFS)发布的《金融机构环境风险分析案例集》为主要基础,对其涉及的两类环境气候风险的评估方法、评估应考虑的关键问题、评估涉及的关键因素以及评估模型存在的局限性等方面的内容进行编译和总结,以期对我国金融机构的环境气候风险准确客观评估给予有价值的参考借鉴。

As General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed that my country should achieve the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”as soon as possible,the Central Economic Work Conference will also do a good job of“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”as one of the key tasks in 2021.The central bank has also gradually incorporated climate change-related risks into the macroprudential policy framework,while encouraging financial institutions to assess and manage their environmental and climate risks.At present,with the exception of a few institutions such as the Industrial and Commercial Bank of my country,most financial institutions have not systematically assessed environmental and climate risks and incorporated them into investment and financing decisions.Therefore,how to objectively and accurately assess environmental and climate risks is a realistic problem that every financial institution needs to face.This article is based on the“Environmental Risk Analysis Case Collection of Financial Institutions”issued by Central Banks and Supervisors Network for Greening the Financial System(NGFS),and the related contents about that the assessment methods of the two types of environmental and climate risks being involved,the key issues and the key factors that should be considered in the assessment,and the limitations of the assessment model,have been compiled and summarized in order to provide a valuable reference for the accurate and objective assessment of the environmental and climate risks of my country s financial institutions.