增材制造在特种石英光纤制备中应用的研究进展

Research Progress in Application of Additive Manufacturing in Special Silica Optical Fibers Fabrication

光纤构成了当今世界通讯的主干网络,已成为人类活动的底层构架。近年来,物联网万物互联对光纤传输带宽的需求急剧增加,光纤功能更是从单一的信息传输扩展到了信息传输和感知一体化,特种石英光纤是实现该目标的一个重要组成部分,其研发成为了热点。特种光纤的复杂结构和多组分掺杂给其高效制造提出了挑战。本文围绕增材制造技术在特种石英光纤高效制备方面的难题、探索及进展进行总结梳理,首先重点报告在基于紫外光固化的增材制造技术路线下,如何克服大尺寸石英增材制造中陶瓷化和塌缩的难题,发展适合的增材技术用于制备特种石英光纤预制棒,以拉制出所需的特种光纤。然后介绍直接墨水书写与选择性激光熔融等不同增材技术用于石英光纤预制棒制造的近期进展。最后对增材制造在石英光纤制造中存在的问题和未来发展趋势进行简要讨论与展望。

Optical fiber constitutes the backbone network of communication in today's world,and has become the underlying framework of human activities.In recent years,the demand for optical fiber transmission bandwidth for the internet of things has increased dramatically,and the function of optical fiber has expanded from a single information transmission to the integration of information transmission and perception.Special silica optical fiber is an important part of achieving this goal.Its research and development have become hot spot.The complex structure and multi-component of specialty fibers pose challenges for their efficient fabrication.This paper summarizes the difficulties,exploration and progress of additive manufacturing technology in the efficient preparation of special silica optical fibers.First,it focuses on how to overcome the ceramicization and collapse of large-scale silica additive manufacturing under the additive manufacturing technology route based on UV curing,and develop suitable additive technology for the preparation of special silica fiber preforms,so that the required special fibers can be drawn.Then,the recent progress in the fabrication of silica fiber preforms using different additive technologies such as direct ink writing and selective laser melting is introduced.Finally,the existing problems and future development trends of additive manufacturing in the manufacture of silica optical fibers are briefly discussed and prospected.