政府数据市场化配置:概念内涵、方式探索与创新进路

Market-oriented Allocation of Government Data: The Conception Connotation, Methods Exploration and Innovative Approaches

【目的/意义】作为数据要素市场化配置改革关键议题,政府数据市场化配置能够高效激活政府数据经济价值、促进数字经济发展,而在实践与研究中却存在概念模糊与认识误区。【设计/方法】基于理论研究、政策逻辑与实践案例,从概念内涵、方式探索与创新进路三个维度系统探讨政府数据市场化配置。【结论/发现】政府数据市场化配置是以市场为根本调节机制,推动具有“生产要素”属性的政府数据由行政配置向以市场为主导的配置方式转型。其配置方式主要包括政府数据授权运营、政府数据特许开发应用、数据交易场所交易与政府数据资产凭证,且四种配置方式之间有所差异。在未来发展中,应从制度明晰、数据确权、场景创新与技术保障四个方面共同发力,加速推进政府数据市场化配置。

[Purpose/Significance] As the key content of the reform of the market-based allocation of data elements, the market-based allocation of government data can effectively activate the economic value of government data and promote the development of the digital economy, but there are conceptual ambiguities and misunderstandings in practice and research. [Design/Methodology] Based on theoretical research, policy logic and practical cases, the market-based allocation of government data is systematically discussed from the three dimensions of conceptual connotation, methods exploration and innovative approaches. [Conclusions/Findings] The market-based allocation of government data takes the market as the fundamental adjustment mechanism, and promotes the transformation of government data with the attribute of “factors of production” from administrative allocation to market-oriented allocation;its allocation mainly includes authorized operation of government data,government data franchise development and application, data exchange transactions and government data asset certificates. And there are differences between the four allocation methods. In the future development, efforts should be made to accelerate the market-oriented allocation of government data from four aspects: clear system,data rights confirmation, scenario innovation and technical support.