国际投资仲裁中第三方资助披露规则缺失的困境与破解

The Dilemmas and Solutions of the Absence of Third-Party Funding Disclosure Rules in International Investment Arbitration

第三方资助在国际投资仲裁领域的适用为有资金需求的投资者提供了接近正义的机会,但现有规范对披露第三方资助的重视不足、资助协议中保密条款的约束和实践中仲裁员的身份混同现象,可能导致资助者和仲裁员的利益冲突、增加滥诉风险以及阻碍投资争议的有效解决。为了维护投资者与东道国之间的利益平衡,有必要明确申请人的强制披露义务、赋予仲裁庭通过调整仲裁费用来迫使申请人披露第三方资助的权力以及规范仲裁员的披露和选任。

The application of third-party funding in the field of international investment arbitration provides investors who have funds requirements with access to justice.However,the existing regulations do not pay enough attention to the disclosure of third-party funding,the binding of confidentiality clause in funding agreements and the identity confusion phenomenon of arbitrators may lead to conflicts of interest between funders and arbitrators,increase the risk of frivolous claims,and hinder the effective settlement of investment disputes.In order to maintain the balance of interests between investors and host countries,it is necessary to clarify the applicants’ mandatory disclosure obligations,grant the arbitration tribunals the power to force applicants to disclose third-party funding through adjusting the arbitration costs,and regulate the disclosure and selection of arbitrators.