2011-2021年黑龙江省水痘流行病学特征与突发公共卫生事件分析

Epidemiological Characteristics and Public Health Emergencies of Varicella in Heilongjiang Province from 2011 to 2021

目的:了解黑龙江省水痘流行情况,为预防和控制水痘暴发流行提供依据。方法:采用描述性流行病学方法,对2011—2021年黑龙江省水痘病例监测资料进行分析。结果:2011—2021年间黑龙江省共报告水痘病例71 924例,平均发病率为17.43/10万。研究期间黑龙江省共报告水痘引发突发公共卫生事件33起,涉及病例共788例,总罹患率为1.38%。结论:黑龙江省水痘发病有明显季节性规律,学生为主要发病群体,城市对水痘突发公共卫生事件的疫情控制时效比村镇长,事件监测敏感性决定控制时效,提示水痘疫情需早发现才能更好地得到控制。

Objective: To understand the epidemic situation of chickenpox in Heilongjiang Province, and provide the basis for the prevention and control of the outbreak of chickenpox. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the surveillance data of varicella cases in Heilongjiang Province from 2011 to 2021. Results: From 2011 to 2021, a total of 71 924chickenpox cases were reported in Heilongjiang Province, with an average incidence rate of 17.43/100 000. During the study period, a total of 33 public health emergencies caused by varicella were reported in Heilongjiang Province, involving a total of 788 cases,with a total attack rate of 1.38%. Conclusion: The incidence of varicella in Heilongjiang Province has obvious seasonal pattern,and students are the main incidence group. The control period of chickenpox public health emergencies in cities is longer than that in villages and towns, and the sensitivity of event monitoring determines the control period, suggesting that early detection of chickenpox epidemics can be better controlled.